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01567_Field_90.cap.txt
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1996-03-14
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@
Edwin Hubble
revolutionised
our understanding
of the universe.
His observation
that galaxies are
moving away
from earth meant
two things - that
the universe was
expanding and
that, by working
backwards, it was
therefore possible
to calculate when
the universe began
#
Remarkably for one
of the century's
great scientists,
Hubble trained as
a lawyer: he took a
degree in law at
Oxford University,
and went back to
the US to practise.
But he gave up law
to do research
into astronomy
#
Viewed through
conventional
telescopes, the
stars seem to be
surrounded by
shining clouds of
gas, called nebulae.
By using the big-
gest telescopes
available, Hubble
found that the
nebulae were
actually masses of
faint stars, thus
proving that other
star systems - or
galaxies - exist
#
Using more and
more powerful
telescopes, Hubble
discovered further
galaxies - and the
astonishing fact
that the further
away a galaxy was
from earth, the
quicker it was
travelling. This
meant that the
universe must
still be expanding
#
During Hubble's
lifetime, space
travel was not
possible: the only
way to know about
the cosmos was
to look at it from
the earth. This is
still the most
efficient method,
despite advances
in space explor-
ation. The Hubble
Telescope, in earth
orbit, sees further
than any spacemen
will ever travel
#
Hubble, and the
telescope named
after him, have
reminded us of
our place in the
universe: we are
a tiny speck on
the far rim of an
ordinary galaxy,
undistinguishable
from countless
others. The cosmos
is unaware of our
presence, and will
always be so
@